How Is Bone Marrow Harvested From A Donor For BMT?

To harvest bone marrow from a donor for a bone marrow transplant (BMT), a medical professional will use a needle to extract liquid bone marrow from the back of the donor's pelvic bones, typically in the hip area, while the donor is under anesthesia; this procedure is performed in an operating room and involves multiple needle insertions to collect a sufficient amount of marrow.

Bone marrow is a spongy tissue inside your bones that contains stem cells. These stem cells can develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets. A bone marrow transplant (BMT) is a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow.   

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Bone marrow can be harvested from a donor in two ways:   

• Bone marrow aspiration: This is the most common method. A needle is inserted into the hip bone and a small amount of bone marrow is withdrawn. The procedure is done under local or general anesthesia.   
• Bone marrow biopsy: A small piece of bone marrow is removed with a needle. This is usually done if the doctor needs more information about the bone marrow than can be obtained from an aspiration. The procedure is done under local anesthesia.   

After the bone marrow is harvested, it is processed and then given to the patient through an IV. The bone marrow cells then travel to the patient's bones and begin to produce new blood cells.   

Bone marrow donation is a safe procedure, but there are some risks, such as infection, bleeding, and pain. Most donors recover quickly and have no long-term side effects.   

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